蛇尾龙（蛇科）在整个中新世广泛分布，但在上新世很少出现，在东欧上新世几乎不存在。在这里，我们描述了来自摩尔多瓦上新世早期摩尔多瓦动物区系的两个新的蛇夫龙遗骸。这两个记录均以顶骨为代表，并分配给Ophisaurus spinari和Ophisaurus fejfari。它们代表了东欧该属的第一个上新世记录。蛇尾龙（ Ophisaurus fejfari）以前仅在早中新世（MN 4-6）中被发现，但在上新世首次被记录。蛇夫龙在东欧上新世的出现与东南欧嗜热爬行动物“避难所”的存在相吻合，该避难所广泛覆盖了黑海北部沿海地区。高分辨率X射线显微计算机断层扫描方法揭示了顶骨的内部解剖细节（血管系统的排列），这可能有助于未来研究中新生代蛇尾龙的识别。
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The Pliocene Ophisaurus (Anguidae) from Eastern Europe: new records and additions to the history of the genus and its palaeoenvironment
Ophisaurus (Anguidae) was widely distributed throughout the Miocene of Europe, but quite rarely occurred in the Pliocene, and almost absent in the Pliocene of Eastern Europe. Here we describe two new remains of Ophisaurus from the Moldavian Faunal Complex of the Early Pliocene of Moldova. Both records are represented by parietal bones and are assigned to Ophisaurus spinari and Ophisaurus fejfari. They represent the first Pliocene records of the genus in Eastern Europe. Ophisaurus fejfari, previously known only from the Early and Middle Miocene (MN 4–6), is recorded in the Pliocene for the first time. The presence of Ophisaurus in the Pliocene of Eastern Europe coincides with the existence of the south-eastern European “refugium” for thermophilic reptiles, which widely encompassed the northern Black Sea coastal area. The method of high-resolution X-ray microcomputed tomography revealed the internal anatomical details (arrangement of the vascular system) of the parietal bones, which might be useful for identification of the Cenozoic Ophisaurus pending future study.